November saw major escalations in conflict in the Middle East, particularly in Aleppo, Syria and Mosul, Iraq, where armed violence intensified, causing significant new displacement. As winter sets in, people on the move face deepening vulnerabilities, particularly those attempting to cross ever-tightening borders both into and out of Syria, such as at Rajm Slebi, where deaths due to exposure to the cold were reported, and the Jordanian-Syrian berm, where cases of hypothermia are expected to increase.