In addition to the recent arrival of thousands of Syrians and Iraqis in Europe due to violence and conflict, substantial Middle Eastern diaspora communities have settled in Europe for decades. The presence of these communities signifies a long history of migration between the Middle East and Europe, upon which recent movements build.

What is the relationship between family, friends and social networks already in Europe, particularly from Syria and Iraq, and those en route or newly arrived from the Middle East? To what extent are individual migration decisions affected by transnational social networks, including well-established diaspora communities as well as those who have recently arrived at an intended destination? What support do those networks provide to people on the move before their journey, en route and upon arrival in Europe, and what potential exists to change their role?